TEACHER RETIREMENT AFTER PENSION REFORM: FINANCIAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS.

Abstract

The 2019 pension reform, instituted by Constitutional Amendment No. 103, brought significant changes to teachers' retirement, impacting both the financial and social spheres. Historically, this professional category had different rules due to the physical and mental strain inherent to teaching. However, with the new guidelines, there were changes in the minimum age criteria, contribution time, and calculation of benefits, resulting in challenges for the retirement of these professionals. Given this scenario, this study analyzes the effects of the reform on the quality of life of retired teachers and on the organization of the Brazilian education system. It investigates how the increase in retirement requirements affects the prolonged retention in active service, the well-being of teachers, and the attractiveness of the career. In addition, it examines the adequacy of the new pension rules to the specificities of the profession, considering the need for a more fair and equitable system. The research highlights the importance of public policies that take into account the particularities of teaching, ensuring decent retirement conditions and recognizing the essential role of teachers in shaping society