A ATUAÇÃO DO CONSELHO DE SEGURANÇA DA ONU NO CONFLITO ARMADO DA FAIXA DE GAZA ENTRE OUTUBRO DE 2023 E MARÇO DE 2024: ANÁLISE DIALÉTICA COM PROPOSIÇÃO HUMANÍSTICA

Abstract

The present research aims to make considerations about the role of the United Nations Security Council in addressing the conflict between Israel and Palestine, which began in 2023. The analysis covers the period from October 2023 to March 2024. The methodology applied was dialectical study, using bibliographic research as a resource. The exposition begins with a study of the council's functions within the United Nations system, with special emphasis on permanent membership and the power of veto. Next, the background to the troubled relations between Israel and Palestine is analyzed, along with the main results of the council's deliberations during the sample period mentioned above. It was found that the exercise of veto power by the United States, Russia, and China hindered the ceasefire proposals demanded by consensus by the international community. Next, the veto power was studied in its political nature, as well as the need to reform the council based on a provision that takes global representation into account. In conclusion, it was observed that reform of the council is an urgent measure for the protection of global peace, with a primary focus on modernizing the voting system and also on the handling of the veto by permanent members.